Endometriosis

There is a great lack of knowledge about the aetiology of this disease, and there are several theories about its origin. The classic theory proposes that there is a migration of endometrial cells through the fallopian tubes to the peritoneal cavity, also known as retrograde menstruation. Likewise, the existence of cellular migration through the lymphatic or vascular system has been proposed. Another theory is iatrogenic transplant, according to which there would be endometrial cell transplants due to pelvic surgical interventions, caesarean sections, or episiotomy repairs. Finally, it has been considered that there could be a transformation of normal peritoneal tissue cells into endometrial cells, a phenomenon known as coelomic metaplasia. The aetiology of this disease is considered to be multifactorial and polygenic, but we still do not know which genetic or epigenetic factors may be involved in the development of the disease.