Depending on the origin of the semen sample used, there are two types of insemination:
AIH, where the husband’s or partner’s sperm
is used.
AID,
where donor sperm is used,offering a higher rate of success.
Artificial insemination is a simple, low-cost assisted reproduction technique. It consists of the unnatural introduction of a volume of sperm into the woman’s uterus to achieve fertilisation of the egg and pregnancy. It is a painless procedure and less invasive than in vitro fertilisation (IVF).
Depending on the origin of the semen sample used, there are two types of insemination:
AIH, where the husband’s or partner’s sperm
is used.
AID,
where donor sperm is used,offering a higher rate of success.
Female sterility due to cervical factors
Mild or moderate endometriosis
Alterations in the ovulation cycle: in cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), anovulation, or problems in the follicular phase.
Inability to deposit semen in the vagina: retrograde ejaculation, vaginismus, premature ejaculation, sexual impotence.
Mild male factor infertility
Sterility of unknown origin
Immunological sterility
Prior to insemination, the semen sample is processed using a technique called capacitation. To perform artificial insemination, the gynaecologist inserts a cannula into the vagina up into the uterine cavity and deposits the sample of capacitated semen there. This process is carried out during ovulation to maximise the chances of success. From the uterine cavity, sperm must reach the fallopian tube, where the egg is located, to achieve fertilisation.
Artificial insemination can be performed within a natural cycle (without medication) or preceded by hormonal treatment. Hormonal stimulation is based on the administration of low doses of gonadotropins to gently stimulate follicular development, which will be regularly monitored. When follicular development is optimal, ovulation is induced by the administration of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin).
Absence of male partner: single women or lesbian couples.
Genetic diseases present in the male partner when the transmission of these to offspring cannot be avoided by means of pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD).
Severe male factor: if, after several cycles of ICSI, pregnancy has not been achieved and the characteristics of the woman are favourable to this technique.
Sexually transmitted diseases in the male partner: if after several washes it is not possible to guarantee that there is no virus in the semen, in other words, there is a risk of infecting the partner.
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